SAGA GIS for Computing Multispectral Vegetation Indices by Landsat TM for Mapping Vegetation Greenness

Summary The study presents a comparative analysis of eight Vegetation Indices (VIs) used to examine vegetation greenness over the northern coasts Iceland. geographical extent area is set by coordinates two fjords, Eyjafjörður and Skagafjörður, notable for their agricultural significance. in Iceland fragile due harsh climate, climate change, overgrazing volcanic activity, which increase soil erosion. was conducted on Landsat TM image using SAGA GIS as technical tool raster bands calculations. NDVI dataset shows range from -0.56 0.24, with 0 indicating ‘no vegetation’, negative values – ‘other surfaces’ (e.g. rocks, open terrain). DVI, compared NDVI, statistically non-normalized ranging -112 0, extreme while coastal areas are badly distinguished water areas. NRVI an -0.24 0.48 higher vegetation. reduces topographic, solar atmospheric effects creates normal data distribution. RVI 0.2 3.2 river valleys clearly visible depicted, have 0.8 1.0. CTVI corrected TVI, -0.10 1.10, were negative. TVI ranges 0.44 0.80 ice-covered glaciers distinguishable within 0.60 0.64 0.44. TTVI 0.40 performing similarly but more refined 0.68. SAVI -0.80 0.30 minimized through constant adjustment factor added into formula. paper comparison VIs Arctic monitoring. overall behavior calculation mapping effective terms use region.